Multimedia:Definitions

Overview
Multimedia presents information by stimulating multiple senses.

Studies have shown that interactive multimedia improves information retention; people retain 10 percent of what they see, 20 percent of what they hear, 50 percent of what they see and hear, and 80 percent of what they see, hear, and do (Fletcher, 1990).

For more about multimedia see Wikipedia:Multimedia(2009)

Growth

 * Initially multimedia became available on PC’s as gaming requirements grew. CD-ROM availablity further fuelled this growth.
 * In the mid 1990’s the number of mutimedia PC’s grew as follows
 * 1993 4.5 million
 * 1994 8 million
 * 1995 10.6 million
 * 1996 13.3 million
 * With the adoption of the internet multimedia enabled PC’s have become standard. By 1998 it is estimated that more than 95 million users had access with in excess of 350 million by 2003.

Distribution
Multimedia is distributed on two main media
 * Magnetic (Hard, Floppy disk & Memory Stick) and Digital media (DVD and CD-ROM)
 * Electronic (Internet)

CD/DVD Examples

 * 1997. Need 4 Speed II (Wikipedia:Need_for_Speed_II, 2007)
 * 2005: Need for Speed Most Wanted. http://www.eaplay.com/australia/games/pc/nfs/mostwanted/

Web examples
Flash enabled Web Site Cold fusion web site, with Flash frontend
 * The Phantom of the Opera. (Warner Bros Entertainment, 2004)
 * Harry Potter (Rowling, 2004)
 * Note the intro page links to the flash enabled JK Rowling desktop. If you have popups disabled a page asking you to turn on the popups then re-enter the site... just click on re-enter the site and it will still work..

Definitions

 * Multimedia
 * A variety of resources that can be used to communicate information, a concept or knowledge.
 * This can include people, things or computer based elements such as text, images, animation, sound and video.
 * Computer based multimedia
 * The use of a computer
 * to present and combine text, graphics, sound, animation and video
 * in an electronic publication
 * with links and tools
 * that let the user navigate, interact, create and communicate. (Hofsetter, F. T., (2001) Multimedia Literacy.)
 * Interactive Computer based multimedia
 * The additional features of providing user interaction.
 * Examples include
 * Forms that allow user data to be entered
 * Searching features
 * On-line testing
 * Applets such as calculators
 * Interactive eBooks
 * Games
 * Interactive Multimedia (Takes a lot of preparation and practice)
 * How to Make Videos that Mix Live Action with Video - Brief Tutorial
 * Virtual Reality Multimedia
 * 2005 Introduction to Second Life (historical view)


 * Mixed/Augmented reality multimedia
 * Various sensors capture contextual information and make the environments smart.
 * For example, location sensors attached to objects or persons identify and record the location of the object or person, and sound recorders analyze the mood of a person.
 * E.g. Google goggles, XBox connect, Sony Playstation - Move


 * Demo video of the Human Pacman project from the Mixed Reality Lab at the National University of Singapore
 * More from MIxed Reality Lab of Singapore
 * Huggy Pajama- Mixed Reality Lab,Adrian David Cheok Huggy Pajama- Mixed Reality Lab,Adrian David Cheok


 * Connected Media
 * Connected media does not contain interaction; instead content items are nodes in a network of connections that are the focus of interaction. The content is inside-out. The hot content today is not interactive - Flickr/Photobucket, YouTube, iTunes, RSS feeds all feature non-interactive, yet highly connected via layers of interlinked metadata (del.icio.us, technorati, recommendations, hyperlinks, comments...)
 * Google maps is used extensively by motel/hotel web pages.(e.g. http://www.maisonbearnaise.co.nz/contact.htm )
 * "the nature of content itself is changing. HyperCard, Flash, and the like are indeed tools of interactive media. However, interactive multimedia is no longer in fashion (who needs a "next page" button in a piece of content when we have ubiquitous hypertext? Why embed the movie in Flash when I can just link to YouTube?)"
 * Scott Wilson in JISC CETIS EC SIG (2007-02-26) citing "inspired by Derrick de Kerckhove's book 'Connected Intelligence'".


 * Link to Connected media


 * Social multimedia Computing (MIC) 
 * Multimedia resources and applications designed to be disseminated through social interaction or be used to capture social activity and interaction. MIC can be characterised by three forms of interaction:
 * Content interaction between multimedia: E.g. Flickr image and tags (not necessarily created at the same time)
 * Social interaction around multimedia. For example, Tagged images, video blogs.
 * Social interaction captured in multimedia. For example, video surveillance.
 * (Tian, Srivastava, Huang, Contractor, 2010)
 * Vialogues (Video + Dialogue)
 * Online video with group discussion feature time stamped to the video
 * Example: A Dialogue on Vialogues Note the time line on the right of the page and the discussion. Also the second comment displays a question/response comment

Multimedia for different users

 * Computer gamers
 * nVidia graphics accelerator card, Pentium IV, Sidewinder force feed joystick
 * Internet surfers
 * Real audio and MPEG players
 * Teachers & Students
 * CD based maps, videos and encyclopedias
 * Home users
 * Digital cameras, scanners and colour printers
 * Graphics designers and artists
 * Photo-quality printers and high resolution digital cameras.